List of Peptides (A–Z)
A complete directory of 108 peptides — what each one is studied for, and whether it's an FDA-approved medicine or a research chemical. Every entry links to a neutral, research-backed guide with references.
A complete directory of 108 peptides — what each one is studied for, and whether it's an FDA-approved medicine or a research chemical. Every entry links to a neutral, research-backed guide with references.
All 108 peptides at a glance — sortable-clean reference of primary research focus and regulatory status. Tap any name for the full guide.
| Peptide | Primarily studied for | Status |
|---|---|---|
| Abaloparatide (Tymlos) | Healing, Anti-Aging | FDA-approved |
| ACE-031 (Ramatercept (ActRIIB-Fc)) | Muscle | Research chemical |
| Adipotide (FTPP, Prohibitin-TP01) | Weight Loss | Research chemical |
| Afamelanotide (Melanotan I, Melanotan 1, Scenesse) | Skin | FDA-approved |
| Alpha-MSH (α-MSH, Alpha-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone) | Skin, Sexual Health | Investigational |
| Amycretin | Weight Loss | Investigational |
| AOD-9604 (hGH fragment 176-191) | Weight Loss | Research chemical |
| ARA-290 (Cibinetide) | Healing, Immune | Investigational |
| Argireline (Acetyl Hexapeptide-8 / -3) | Skin | Investigational |
| BPC-157 (Body Protection Compound 157) | Healing | Research chemical |
| Cagrilintide (AM833) | Weight Loss | Investigational |
| CagriSema (Cagrilintide/Semaglutide, cagrilintide + semaglutide) | Weight Loss | Investigational |
| Calcitonin (Salmon calcitonin, Miacalcin, Fortical) | Healing, Anti-Aging | FDA-approved |
| Carbetocin (Duratocin, Pabal) | Sexual Health | Investigational |
| Cardiogen (Ala-Glu-Asp-Arg (cardiac bioregulator)) | Anti-Aging | Research chemical |
| Carnosine (L-Carnosine, beta-alanyl-L-histidine) | Anti-Aging, Muscle | Investigational |
| Cerebrolysin | Cognitive | Investigational |
| Cetrorelix (Cetrotide) | Sexual Health | FDA-approved |
| CJC-1295 (with or without DAC) | Muscle, Anti-Aging | Research chemical |
| Cortexin | Cognitive | Investigational |
| Davunetide (NAP, NAPVSIPQ) | Cognitive | Research chemical |
| Degarelix (Firmagon) | Sexual Health | FDA-approved |
| Desmopressin (DDAVP, Desmopressin acetate, Stimate, Nocdurna) | Clinical | FDA-approved |
| Dihexa (N-hexanoic-Tyr-Ile-(6) aminohexanoic amide) | Cognitive | Research chemical |
| DSIP (Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide) | Cognitive | Research chemical |
| Dulaglutide (Trulicity) | Weight Loss | FDA-approved |
| Ecnoglutide (XW003) | Weight Loss | Investigational |
| Efpeglenatide | Weight Loss | Investigational |
| Eloralintide (LY3841136) | Weight Loss | Investigational |
| Enfuvirtide (Fuzeon, T-20) | Immune | FDA-approved |
| Epitalon (Epithalon, Epithalamin) | Anti-Aging | Research chemical |
| Exenatide (Byetta, Bydureon) | Weight Loss | FDA-approved |
| Follistatin (FST, FST-344, Follistatin-344, Follistatin 315) | Muscle | Research chemical |
| FOXO4-DRI (FOXO4-p53 disruptor) | Anti-Aging | Research chemical |
| GHK-Cu (Copper Peptide (GHK-Copper), GHK Cu, GHKCu, Cu Peptide, Copper-binding peptide, Copper Tripeptide-1) | Anti-Aging, Skin, Healing | Investigational |
| GHRP-1 (Growth Hormone-Releasing Peptide-1) | Muscle | Research chemical |
| GHRP-2 (Pralmorelin) | Muscle | Research chemical |
| GHRP-6 (Growth Hormone Releasing Peptide-6) | Muscle | Research chemical |
| Glatiramer Acetate (Copaxone) | Immune | FDA-approved |
| Glucagon (GlucaGen, Baqsimi, Gvoke) | Weight Loss | FDA-approved |
| Glutathione (GSH, L-Glutathione) | Anti-Aging, Immune, Skin | Investigational |
| Gonadorelin (GnRH, Factrel, Lutrepulse) | Sexual Health | FDA-approved |
| Goserelin (Zoladex) | Sexual Health | FDA-approved |
| Hexarelin (Examorelin) | Muscle | Research chemical |
| HGH Fragment 176-191 (HGH Frag 176-191, hGH 177-191, Fragment 176-191, AOD parent fragment) | Weight Loss | Research chemical |
| Histrelin (Supprelin LA, Vantas) | Sexual Health | FDA-approved |
| Humanin (HN) | Anti-Aging | Research chemical |
| Icatibant (Firazyr) | Immune | FDA-approved |
| IGF-1 DES (DES(1-3)IGF-1, des-(1-3)IGF-I, IGF-1 DES(1,3)) | Muscle | Research chemical |
| IGF-1 LR3 (Long R3 IGF-1) | Muscle | Research chemical |
| Insulin (Humulin, Novolog, Lantus (analogs)) | Weight Loss | FDA-approved |
| Ipamorelin | Muscle, Anti-Aging | Research chemical |
| Kisspeptin (KISS1, metastin) | Sexual Health | Research chemical |
| KPV (Lys-Pro-Val (α-MSH fragment)) | Healing, Immune | Research chemical |
| Lanreotide (Somatuline, Somatuline Depot, Lanreotide Autogel) | Clinical | FDA-approved |
| Larazotide (Larazotide acetate, AT-1001) | Healing | Investigational |
| Leuprolide (Lupron, leuprorelin) | Sexual Health | FDA-approved |
| Linaclotide (Linzess, Constella) | Healing | FDA-approved |
| Liraglutide (Victoza, Saxenda) | Weight Loss | FDA-approved |
| Lixisenatide (Adlyxin, Lyxumia) | Weight Loss | FDA-approved |
| LL-37 (Cathelicidin (human)) | Immune, Healing | Research chemical |
| Maridebart Cafraglutide (MariTide, AMG 133) | Weight Loss | Investigational |
| Matrixyl (Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-4 / Matrixyl 3000) | Skin | Investigational |
| Mazdutide (IBI362, LY3305677) | Weight Loss | Investigational |
| Melanotan II (MT-II) | Skin, Sexual Health | Research chemical |
| MGF (Mechano Growth Factor, IGF-1Ec) | Muscle | Research chemical |
| MOTS-c (Mitochondrial ORF of the 12S rRNA type-c) | Weight Loss, Anti-Aging | Research chemical |
| Nafarelin (Synarel) | Sexual Health | FDA-approved |
| Noopept (GVS-111, Omberacetam) | Cognitive | Research chemical |
| Octreotide (Sandostatin, Octreotide LAR) | Clinical | FDA-approved |
| Oxytocin (Pitocin (injectable)) | Sexual Health, Cognitive | FDA-approved |
| P21 (P021 (CNTF-derived peptidergic compound)) | Cognitive | Research chemical |
| Palopegteriparatide (Yorvipath, TransCon PTH) | Clinical | FDA-approved |
| Pasireotide (Signifor, Signifor LAR) | Clinical | FDA-approved |
| PEG-MGF (Pegylated Mechano Growth Factor) | Muscle | Research chemical |
| Pemvidutide (ALT-801) | Weight Loss | Investigational |
| Petrelintide (ZP8396) | Weight Loss | Investigational |
| Pinealon (Glu-Asp-Arg (peptide bioregulator)) | Cognitive, Anti-Aging | Research chemical |
| Plecanatide (Trulance) | Healing | FDA-approved |
| Pramlintide (Symlin) | Weight Loss | FDA-approved |
| PT-141 (Bremelanotide, Vyleesi) | Sexual Health | FDA-approved |
| Retatrutide (LY3437943, Reta) | Weight Loss | Investigational |
| Secretin (ChiRhoStim) | Healing | FDA-approved |
| Selank | Cognitive | Research chemical |
| Semaglutide (Ozempic, Wegovy, Rybelsus) | Weight Loss | FDA-approved |
| Semax | Cognitive | Research chemical |
| Sermorelin (GHRH(1-29), Geref) | Muscle, Anti-Aging | Investigational |
| Setmelanotide (Imcivree) | Weight Loss | FDA-approved |
| SNAP-8 (Acetyl Octapeptide-3) | Skin | Investigational |
| SS-31 (Elamipretide, MTP-131, Bendavia, Forzinity) | Anti-Aging | FDA-approved |
| Survodutide (BI 456906) | Weight Loss | Investigational |
| TB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4 fragment) | Healing, Muscle | Research chemical |
| Teduglutide (Gattex, Revestive) | Healing | FDA-approved |
| Teriparatide (Forteo, PTH(1-34)) | Healing, Anti-Aging | FDA-approved |
| Terlipressin (Terlivaz, Glypressin) | Clinical | FDA-approved |
| Tesamorelin (Egrifta) | Weight Loss, Muscle | FDA-approved |
| Thymalin | Immune, Anti-Aging | Research chemical |
| Thymogen (Glutamyl-Tryptophan (γ-D-Glu-Trp)) | Immune | Investigational |
| Thymopentin (TP-5, Timunox) | Immune | Investigational |
| Thymosin Alpha-1 (Tα1, Zadaxin) | Immune | Investigational |
| Thymosin Beta-4 (Tβ4, TB4) | Healing | Investigational |
| Thymulin (FTS (facteur thymique sérique)) | Immune | Research chemical |
| Tirzepatide (Mounjaro, Zepbound) | Weight Loss | FDA-approved |
| Triptorelin (Trelstar, Decapeptyl) | Sexual Health | FDA-approved |
| Vasopressin (Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), Arginine vasopressin (AVP), Vasostrict, Pitressin) | Clinical | FDA-approved |
| Vesugen (Lys-Glu-Asp (vascular bioregulator)) | Anti-Aging | Research chemical |
| Vilon (Lys-Glu (KE)) | Immune | Research chemical |
| VIP (Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide, Aviptadil) | Immune | Investigational |
Whether a peptide is a legal, prescription medicine or an unapproved "research chemical" is one of the most important things to know. Here's how the 108 entries split.
Approved and regulated as medicines; prescription-only.
Investigational or sold as "research chemicals"; not approved for human use.
Most peptides have to be injected, because digestion breaks amino-acid chains apart before they can reach the bloodstream. Here's how the 108 entries split by route. A few appear twice where more than one form exists.
Given by subcutaneous or intramuscular injection. This is the default route for peptides because digestive enzymes break them down before they reach the bloodstream.
Taken by mouth. Only a small minority of peptides survive digestion or use an absorption enhancer to work orally.
Delivered intranasally, which bypasses digestion and — for some — offers a more direct route toward the brain.
Applied to the skin in creams and serums, acting locally rather than being absorbed into the bloodstream.
A PTH-related protein analog and FDA-approved anabolic drug (Tymlos) that stimulates new bone formation in people with osteoporosis at high fracture risk.
Read the guide →A soluble activin receptor (ActRIIB-Fc) that acts as a “trap” for myostatin and related factors to build muscle — but whose clinical development was halted over vascular safety signals.
Read the guide →An experimental “fat-targeted proapoptotic peptide” designed to kill the blood supply of white fat tissue — dramatic in animal studies but flagged for kidney toxicity.
Read the guide →An α-MSH analog (originally “Melanotan I”) that is FDA-approved as Scenesse to increase pain-free light exposure in adults with the rare disorder erythropoietic protoporphyria.
Read the guide →The body's natural melanocortin hormone — central to skin pigmentation, inflammation, and appetite — and the biology that synthetic analogs like melanotan and bremelanotide (PT-141) are designed to imitate.
Read the guide →An investigational unimolecular GLP-1 and amylin receptor dual agonist studied for obesity, notable for early trials in both oral and injectable forms.
Read the guide →A modified fragment of human growth hormone (residues 176–191) developed as an anti-obesity drug — but human trials did not show meaningful weight loss.
Read the guide →A peptide derived from the tissue-protective region of erythropoietin (EPO) — without EPO's red-blood-cell effects — studied in trials for neuropathic pain and small-fiber neuropathy.
Read the guide →A topical cosmetic peptide marketed as a needle-free alternative to Botox, studied for softening expression lines by reducing facial muscle contraction.
Read the guide →A long-acting amylin analog studied for weight management, notably in combination with semaglutide (“CagriSema”) — an investigational, non-incretin approach to appetite control.
Read the guide →An investigational once-weekly injection that combines two peptides — the amylin analog cagrilintide and the GLP-1 drug semaglutide — in a single fixed-dose product, under FDA review as one of the most anticipated next-generation weight-loss treatments.
Read the guide →A peptide hormone that lowers blood calcium and slows bone breakdown; the salmon form (Miacalcin, Fortical) is FDA-approved for osteoporosis, Paget's disease, and hypercalcemia.
Read the guide →A long-acting analog of oxytocin used to prevent postpartum hemorrhage after delivery; approved in many countries (and available as a heat-stable formulation), though not FDA-approved in the US.
Read the guide →A short “peptide bioregulator” (Ala-Glu-Asp-Arg) from the Khavinson research line, proposed to support cardiac tissue and studied mainly in Russian models.
Read the guide →A dipeptide concentrated in muscle and brain, studied for buffering exercise fatigue, anti-glycation, and antioxidant effects — though muscle levels are usually raised through its precursor, beta-alanine.
Read the guide →A peptide preparation derived from pig brain tissue, used in several countries for stroke, traumatic brain injury, and dementia — with a mixed and debated evidence base.
Read the guide →A GnRH receptor antagonist and FDA-approved drug (Cetrotide) used during IVF to prevent a premature LH surge and early ovulation.
Read the guide →A growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) analog engineered for a longer half-life, studied for sustained elevation of GH and IGF-1.
Read the guide →A polypeptide preparation extracted from animal cerebral cortex, used in Russia and nearby countries for stroke, brain injury, and cognitive conditions.
Read the guide →A short neuroprotective peptide derived from activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP), studied for tau-related neurodegeneration and cognition.
Read the guide →A GnRH antagonist (Firmagon), FDA-approved for advanced prostate cancer, that lowers testosterone rapidly without the initial flare seen with GnRH agonists.
Read the guide →A synthetic analog of the antidiuretic hormone vasopressin, FDA-approved for central diabetes insipidus, bedwetting, and certain bleeding disorders — with the water-retaining effect but not the blood-pressure effect of the natural hormone.
Read the guide →A small peptide derived from angiotensin IV, studied in animal models for promoting new synapse formation and cognitive enhancement, with potency attributed to the HGF/c-Met system.
Read the guide →A naturally occurring neuropeptide named for early reports of sleep-promoting effects, studied for sleep, stress resilience, and pain — but still poorly characterized.
Read the guide →A once-weekly GLP-1 receptor agonist, FDA-approved for type 2 diabetes and shown to reduce cardiovascular events.
Read the guide →An investigational long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist studied for obesity and type 2 diabetes, with development advancing notably in China.
Read the guide →A long-acting, exendin-based GLP-1 receptor agonist that reduced cardiovascular and kidney events in a major trial; approved in some countries but not by the FDA.
Read the guide →Eli Lilly's investigational selective amylin receptor agonist for obesity, which produced up to about 20% weight loss in a Phase 2 trial and is advancing to late-stage testing.
Read the guide →A 36-amino-acid peptide and the first HIV fusion inhibitor (Fuzeon), FDA-approved to block HIV-1 from entering host cells in treatment-experienced patients.
Read the guide →A synthetic tetrapeptide developed in Russia and researched for telomerase activation, pineal gland regulation, and longevity — largely in early and animal studies.
Read the guide →A GLP-1 receptor agonist derived from exendin-4 (originally from Gila monster venom) — one of the first incretin drugs, FDA-approved for type 2 diabetes.
Read the guide →A naturally occurring protein that binds and inhibits myostatin — a brake on muscle growth — making it a major target in muscle-wasting research, mostly via gene therapy.
Read the guide →An experimental “senolytic” peptide designed to selectively kill senescent (aged, non-dividing) cells, famous for a mouse study showing restored fitness — but entirely preclinical.
Read the guide →A naturally occurring copper-binding tripeptide that declines with age and is widely used in cosmetic skincare for its collagen and skin-repair signaling.
Read the guide →One of the original synthetic growth-hormone-releasing peptides (a ghrelin-receptor agonist), studied since the early 1990s for stimulating the body's own GH but now overshadowed by newer GHRPs.
Read the guide →A growth-hormone-releasing peptide (as “pralmorelin”) used in some countries as a diagnostic agent for growth-hormone deficiency, and studied for GH release and appetite.
Read the guide →An early growth-hormone-releasing peptide (ghrelin mimetic) notable for strongly stimulating appetite alongside GH release.
Read the guide →A random polypeptide mixture of four amino acids and an FDA-approved immunomodulator (Copaxone) for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.
Read the guide →The body's main counter-regulatory peptide hormone — it raises blood sugar, is FDA-approved as an emergency treatment for severe hypoglycemia, and its receptor is now a deliberate target of newer weight-loss drugs.
Read the guide →The body's “master antioxidant” — a naturally occurring tripeptide central to cellular defense, studied for oxidative stress, immune function, metabolic health, and (controversially) skin lightening.
Read the guide →Synthetic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) that stimulates the pituitary to release LH and FSH — historically an approved agent for diagnosis and fertility, and used by some clinicians during testosterone therapy.
Read the guide →A GnRH agonist delivered as a long-acting subcutaneous implant (Zoladex), FDA-approved for prostate cancer, certain breast cancers, and endometriosis.
Read the guide →A potent growth-hormone-releasing peptide (ghrelin mimetic) that also shows direct cardiovascular activity in research, but tends to cause receptor desensitization with continued use.
Read the guide →A synthetic fragment of the tail end of the growth-hormone molecule, marketed as a fat-loss peptide because it was designed to reproduce GH's effect on fat without its effects on growth or blood sugar — though human evidence is lacking.
Read the guide →A GnRH agonist delivered as a once-yearly subcutaneous implant, FDA-approved for central precocious puberty (Supprelin LA) and prostate cancer (Vantas).
Read the guide →A mitochondrial-derived peptide with cytoprotective properties, studied for neuroprotection (including Alzheimer's models), metabolism, and links to longevity.
Read the guide →A bradykinin B2 receptor antagonist peptide, FDA-approved (as Firazyr) to treat acute attacks of hereditary angioedema.
Read the guide →A shortened, naturally occurring variant of insulin-like growth factor 1 that is more potent in tissue because it evades the binding proteins that normally restrain IGF-1 — marketed for localized muscle growth, but studied only in animals and cells.
Read the guide →A long-acting analog of insulin-like growth factor 1, sold primarily as a cell-culture lab reagent and used illicitly in bodybuilding despite serious safety concerns.
Read the guide →The body's essential blood-sugar-lowering peptide hormone and the original life-saving peptide medicine — produced today as recombinant human insulin and many engineered analogs for diabetes.
Read the guide →A selective growth-hormone secretagogue (a ghrelin-receptor agonist) studied for stimulating the body's own GH release with relatively few off-target effects.
Read the guide →A neuropeptide that is a master regulator of reproductive hormones, studied for fertility disorders and, more recently, sexual and emotional brain processing.
Read the guide →A tripeptide fragment of α-MSH studied for anti-inflammatory effects, particularly in the gut and skin, without α-MSH's pigmentation activity.
Read the guide →A long-acting somatostatin analog closely related to octreotide, FDA-approved for acromegaly and for slowing progression of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.
Read the guide →An oral peptide that regulates intestinal tight junctions (“leaky gut”), studied most for celiac disease — it reached Phase 3, though that trial did not meet its primary endpoint.
Read the guide →A GnRH agonist and widely used FDA-approved drug (Lupron) that, with continuous dosing, suppresses sex hormones — used in prostate cancer, endometriosis, uterine fibroids, and central precocious puberty.
Read the guide →A minimally absorbed guanylate cyclase-C agonist peptide, FDA-approved (as Linzess) for irritable bowel syndrome with constipation and chronic idiopathic constipation.
Read the guide →A once-daily GLP-1 receptor agonist, FDA-approved for type 2 diabetes (Victoza) and weight management (Saxenda) — an important predecessor to semaglutide.
Read the guide →A once-daily, exendin-based GLP-1 receptor agonist, FDA-approved for type 2 diabetes, with a strong focus on lowering post-meal glucose.
Read the guide →The body's main cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide, central to innate immunity and wound healing — but with a complex, context-dependent (and sometimes harmful) biology.
Read the guide →Amgen's investigational obesity therapy — a peptide-antibody conjugate given as infrequently as once a month that activates the GLP-1 receptor while blocking the GIP receptor.
Read the guide →A line of topical cosmetic “matrikine” peptides (e.g., palmitoyl pentapeptide-4) that signal the skin to produce collagen, used widely in anti-aging serums.
Read the guide →An investigational GLP-1 and glucagon receptor dual agonist (an oxyntomodulin analog) studied for obesity and diabetes, with late-stage trials concentrated in China.
Read the guide →A synthetic melanocortin agonist researched for skin tanning and, secondarily, libido — but with notable safety concerns and no approval.
Read the guide →A splice variant of IGF-1 (IGF-1Ec) produced by muscle in response to mechanical stress, studied for activating muscle stem cells and repair.
Read the guide →A mitochondrial-derived peptide studied as a metabolic regulator and “exercise mimetic,” with effects on insulin sensitivity in animal models.
Read the guide →A GnRH agonist delivered as a nasal spray (Synarel), FDA-approved for endometriosis and central precocious puberty.
Read the guide →A proline-containing dipeptide nootropic developed in Russia, studied for memory, neuroprotection, and mild cognitive complaints — and used there clinically.
Read the guide →A long-acting synthetic analog of the natural hormone somatostatin, FDA-approved to suppress excess hormone secretion in acromegaly, carcinoid syndrome, and certain neuroendocrine tumors.
Read the guide →A natural hormone and neuropeptide central to bonding, birth, and lactation — FDA-approved for obstetric use (as Pitocin) and widely researched (often intranasally) for social and emotional behavior.
Read the guide →A small neurotrophic compound derived from a region of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), studied in animal models for promoting neurogenesis and protecting against neurodegeneration.
Read the guide →A long-acting prodrug of parathyroid hormone (PTH), FDA-approved as Yorvipath for adults with hypoparathyroidism — the first therapy designed to provide steady, around-the-clock PTH replacement.
Read the guide →A newer, broad-spectrum somatostatin analog that binds more receptor subtypes than octreotide, FDA-approved for Cushing's disease and for acromegaly not controlled by other therapy.
Read the guide →A pegylated (longer-lasting) version of Mechano Growth Factor (MGF), intended to extend MGF's muscle-repair signaling in the bloodstream.
Read the guide →An investigational dual GLP-1 and glucagon receptor agonist studied for obesity and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH).
Read the guide →A long-acting amylin analog being developed by Zealand Pharma and Roche as a once-weekly weight-loss treatment — part of the amylin wave widely seen as the next major class after GLP-1 drugs.
Read the guide →A short “peptide bioregulator” (Glu-Asp-Arg) from the Khavinson research line, studied for brain function, neuroprotection, and age-related decline.
Read the guide →A guanylate cyclase-C agonist peptide (Trulance), FDA-approved for chronic idiopathic constipation and IBS with constipation, designed to mimic the natural hormone uroguanylin.
Read the guide →A synthetic analog of the hormone amylin, FDA-approved (as Symlin) as a mealtime add-on to insulin for diabetes, with modest appetite and weight effects.
Read the guide →A melanocortin receptor agonist and, as bremelanotide (Vyleesi), an FDA-approved treatment for hypoactive sexual desire disorder in premenopausal women.
Read the guide →A gastrointestinal hormone, available as a diagnostic agent (ChiRhoStim), used to assess pancreatic function and gastrin-secreting tumors — and famously studied, then refuted, as an autism treatment.
Read the guide →A synthetic peptide based on the immune fragment tuftsin, developed in Russia as an anxiolytic and studied for anxiety, mood, and cognition.
Read the guide →A GLP-1 receptor agonist and one of the most clinically validated peptides in this encyclopedia — FDA-approved for type 2 diabetes and chronic weight management.
Read the guide →A neuropeptide developed in Russia (related to ACTH(4-10)) and used there clinically, studied for cognition, neuroprotection, and stroke recovery.
Read the guide →A GHRH analog (the first 29 amino acids of GHRH) historically FDA-approved for assessing growth-hormone secretion, now commonly compounded for “anti-aging” use.
Read the guide →An MC4-receptor agonist and FDA-approved drug (Imcivree) for chronic weight management in specific rare genetic obesity disorders.
Read the guide →A topical cosmetic peptide (acetyl octapeptide-3) marketed as an extended, refined relative of Argireline for softening expression wrinkles.
Read the guide →A mitochondria-targeting tetrapeptide that binds cardiolipin to support mitochondrial function. As elamipretide (brand Forzinity) it received its first FDA approval in 2025 for the ultra-rare Barth syndrome, while remaining investigational for broader uses such as heart failure and eye disease.
Read the guide →An investigational dual glucagon and GLP-1 receptor agonist studied for obesity and for metabolic liver disease (MASH/NASH).
Read the guide →A synthetic peptide related to Thymosin Beta-4, an actin-binding protein involved in cell migration and tissue repair.
Read the guide →A GLP-2 receptor agonist and FDA-approved drug (Gattex) that promotes intestinal growth and absorption in people with short bowel syndrome.
Read the guide →A recombinant fragment of parathyroid hormone (PTH 1–34) and FDA-approved anabolic drug (Forteo) that builds new bone in people with osteoporosis at high fracture risk.
Read the guide →A long-acting vasopressin analog used in advanced liver disease — FDA-approved for hepatorenal syndrome and widely used for bleeding esophageal varices — that constricts splanchnic blood vessels.
Read the guide →A growth-hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) analog and FDA-approved drug (Egrifta) for reducing excess abdominal fat in people with HIV-associated lipodystrophy.
Read the guide →A thymus-derived peptide preparation studied — largely in Russia — for restoring immune balance and as part of peptide bioregulation research on aging.
Read the guide →A simple synthetic dipeptide (glutamyl-tryptophan) developed in Russia as an immunomodulator, used there for immune support during infections.
Read the guide →A synthetic pentapeptide corresponding to the active site of the thymic hormone thymopoietin, studied and marketed in some countries as an immunomodulator.
Read the guide →A naturally occurring thymic peptide that modulates immune function, approved in some countries (as Zadaxin) for hepatitis and as a vaccine adjuvant.
Read the guide →The full naturally occurring 43-amino-acid protein that regulates actin and tissue repair — the parent molecule that the popular “TB-500” is a fragment/analog of.
Read the guide →A zinc-dependent thymic hormone (a nonapeptide) involved in T-cell maturation, studied for immune regulation, inflammation, and pain.
Read the guide →A first-in-class dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist that produced some of the largest weight-loss results recorded in obesity trials.
Read the guide →A GnRH agonist given as a depot injection (Trelstar, Decapeptyl), used for advanced prostate cancer, central precocious puberty, and endometriosis.
Read the guide →The body's own antidiuretic hormone — a nine-amino-acid peptide that controls water balance and constricts blood vessels — also used as an intravenous medicine to raise blood pressure in shock.
Read the guide →A short “peptide bioregulator” (Lys-Glu-Asp) from the Khavinson research line, proposed to support the vascular system and studied mainly in Russian models.
Read the guide →A short dipeptide bioregulator (Lys-Glu) from the Khavinson research line, studied — largely in Russia — for immune and thymic regulation and aging.
Read the guide →A 28-amino-acid neuropeptide with vasodilatory, anti-inflammatory, and immune-regulating roles; its synthetic form (aviptadil) has been investigated for lung conditions such as ARDS.
Read the guide →This directory covers 108 peptides, from widely used medicines to lesser-known research compounds. Each entry links to a neutral, fully referenced guide covering what it is, how it works, the state of the evidence, safety, and legal status.
40 of the 108 peptides here are approved as medicines by the FDA (used only under a prescription) — for example Abaloparatide, Afamelanotide, Calcitonin, Cetrorelix, Degarelix. The rest are investigational or sold as "research chemicals" and are not approved for human use.
A peptide drug has completed clinical trials and is approved and regulated as a medicine, so its identity, purity, dose, and safety are quality-controlled. A "research chemical" peptide has not been approved; products sold that way are not quality-assured for purity or sterility, and their effects in people are often unproven. This directory labels each peptide's status.
No — but most are. 92 of the 108 peptides here are given by injection, because digestive enzymes break peptides down before they reach the bloodstream. The exceptions are 8 taken orally, 6 given as a nasal spray, 4 applied topically to the skin, and 2 delivered as a long-acting implant. See the list by route above, or our guide on how peptides are administered.
Only a small minority: Carnosine, Desmopressin, Glutathione, Larazotide, Linaclotide, Noopept, Plecanatide, Semaglutide. Most peptides are destroyed by digestion, so an oral form requires either a naturally digestion-resistant structure, action inside the gut itself, or a special absorption enhancer — as in oral semaglutide.